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On many graphs of the physical world, China is in first place by a wide margin. But if you look more closely, India is a distant but real runner up. https://t.co/0jy25Cvb8R The same pattern holds in nuclear. China is #1 in reactors under construction. But India is in second place. https://t.co/dVuLKe1TZW Electricity generation is similar. China’s recent increase is unparalleled in history. But India is increasing quickly, and will flip the EU soon. https://t.co/yRWP6UzBgX In smartphones, China is again global number one. But over the last few years, India has risen to become the #2 manufacturer. More than 20% of iPhones are now made in India, up from <1% in 2017. https://t.co/4jKBd2i3Vw In cement, China makes more than the rest of the world combined. But India is again a distant but real global #2. https://t.co/BRWa7FE2Aw The raw mineral to make aluminum (bauxite) is very common. But smelting is energy intensive. So: production of aluminum reflects political will and ability to execute on manufacturing. Again, China is #1 by far, but India is #2. https://t.co/SURTDLfqfI To be clear: I don’t think India will ever outdo China in manufacturing. But India is doing way better than expected. And in key areas, outproducing the West. It has the potential to get to a 7/10 in the physical world, and a 10/10 in the digital world. But we’ll see.